Ideas create reality.

Level 1. Introduction to C 1.3. Functions I receive Inputs, You receive Output What is a function? Roughly speaking, in the mathematical sense, it is a mapping from some input space to some output space such that no two different output values correspond to the same input value. In programming, we also call inputs the arguments given to a function. In fact, we even make a slight distinction between the arguments and the parameters of the functions. We call variable inputs, used in the output expression of the function, the arguments, and exact valued inputs, used in the final computation of the function's output, the arguments. Let's now recall a simple mathematical function as an example: $$ f(x) = x + 1 $$ A computation function (i.e., a function in programming) is not too much different than a mathematical one. It has all the components that the mathematical one has: A name (it is named f  in our example) Parameters or input variables (it is just a single paramet...

Level 1. Introduction to C 1.2. Basics Your computer can memorize things One of the things that you can make your computer remember is integer numbers. As one would do in math, you can assign numbers to variables (usually to reuse them later on when needed). Roughly speaking, this is how computers remember things. You use a variable to make a computer remember a number. You may ask why there needs to be a variable to remember a number. Well, let's imagine that you were to be given multiple facts to memorize. For simplicity, I'll only assume two of them: Alice is 3 years old, and Bob is 5 years old. Now, you are asked about Bob's age. If you didn't associate 3 and 5 with the names Alice and Bob, respectively, then you wouldn't be able to answer this question with certainty. So, your mind probably did something similar to what we do in math -- use variables to represent those numbers, that is, Alice = 3  and Bob = 5 . That's why you were able to answer...